DESIGN ANDIMPLEMENTATION OF STAFF BIOMETRIC ATTENTANCE A CASE STUDY OF GOMBE STATE POLYTECHNIC BAJOGA
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Punctuality as Thomas Chandler Haliburton (1796 – 1865) said, is the soul of business. Any institution will require its staff to be punctual for it to be a success. Punctuality as a function of time with respect to date is a very essential requirement in every setup, be it small scale or large organization/institution, of which Gombe state polytechnic bajoga is not an exception (Shoewu, 2019).
The level of impersonation as well as the ghost worker syndrome in recent times is enormous, in both the private and the public sector, Akinduyite, Adetunmbi, Olabode, and Ibidunmoye (2016). Therefore, there is need for a new system which will wipe out all this enumerated issues. The human body has the privilege of having features that are unique and exclusive to each individual. This exclusiveness and unique characteristic has led to the field of biometrics and its application in ensuring security in various fields (Wati et’al, 2019). Biometrics has gained popularity and has proved itself to be a reliable mode of ensuring privacy, maintaining security and identifying individuals. Today, the technology is being spotlighted as the authentication method because of the need for reliable security (Arulogun et al, 2016).
A system insusceptible to impersonation, that provide dependable and efficient means of taking staff attendance record with the use of biometrics captures to provide perpetrators with the uniqueness of biometrics will help organization/institution keep good and accurate record of their staff punctuality. Punctuality is one of the most important attribute of a good professional, this project is motivated by the desire to bring and enhance professionalism in organizations and institutions (Kennedy, 2017).
The trending concern in this modern world is regarding national security, identifying theft as well as on-line terrorism. Researcher refers to Biometric as a solution for detecting user’s identity and security challenges emanating in this modern day. Biometric identification is any automatically measurable, robust and distinctive physical characteristic or personal trait that can be used to identify an individual or verify the claimed identify of an individual (Seifedine, 2016). Biometric science utilizes the measurements of a person’s behavioural characteristics (keyboard strokes, mouse movement) or biological characteristics (fingerprint, iris, nose, eyes, jaw, voice pattern, etc). It is the features captures that is being transformed digitally into a template (Shoewu, 2020). The recognition software can then be used to discover an individual as the person they claim to be. Fingerprint recognition is the most common biometric method adopted in identification of a person (Ismail 2019).
Biometric is a field of technology that uses automated methods for identifying and verifying a person based on physiological and behavioural traits (Idowu, 2021). Because some parts of the human body is use in biometrics, the issue of getting lost is not possible and for password to be easily guess can be easily avoided. Also, utilizing biometrics in most cases can be said to be more efficient when speed is considered and convenient than employing password and ID cards method.
Using a particular person fingerprint as a form of authentication is just like using natural physical data as a password. The benefit of using biometric authentication is that it is absolutely distinct to each person (Muhammad, 2017). There are no two different individuals with the same fingerprint, it is difficult and impossible for one another to have the same fingerprint, and fingerprints from different people can never be the same (Olatunji, 2017). Also, a fingerprint can never be guess by a criminal, such as a password which imposter can easily predict using a user birth date or any other common password. Infiltration is very hard to come by due to the fact that criminal will not be able to snoop around to steal user password when using ATM with the 4-digit pass code (Valasquez 2016).
Fingerprint can be categorize as one of the most mature biometric traits and is accepted in courts of law as a legitimate proof of evidence (Rahman, 2021). Fingerprints are adopted in forensic analysis globally in investigations of criminal. More recently, there are growing numbers of individuals and commercial users that are currently using or strongly putting into consideration of using fingerprint-based identification for no any other reason other than the matching performance biometric technology has demonstrated as well as a better understanding of fingerprints (Olatunji, 2017).
Although, there are so many positive impacts for using biometric authentication, however, unlike username and password, biometric data is a physical feature of a person that is fixed and cannot be change (Norshidah, 2015). If a person could have access to adequate scan another person fingerprint, that scan has the capability to trick the Touch ID system. In that case, the fingerprint features of a person can’t be change consequently a criminal can’t be prevented from having access to your personal information or files (Helmy and Rasyid, 2016). As fingerprint scanning becomes more widely accepted anywhere anytime, this may become a substantial challenge. A criminal can have access to different accounts because with one fingerprint, a criminal may have access to multiple accounts that implemented authentication using fingerprint.
1.2 Statement of Problem
Traditionally, staff attendance is done by signing in and out in a register which leaves gap for impersonation and staff sometimes record earlier time when they are late (Kama, 2018). Fingerprint is a unique feature for everyone compare to using barcode in smart cards. Therefore, this system designed staff Biometric attendance system for Gombe state polytechnic bajoga in this project work is not based on the existing barcode system. Tracking and monitoring staff time of attendance could be tedious, time consuming and more susceptible to errors. The security of the existing attendance system that are now use in developing a staff attendance of Gombe state university can be easily compromised. Some staff can master other staff signature. Thereby, helping their colleague who are absent for a particular class to sign the attendance sheet using the duplicated signature. The Fingerprint Attendance monitoring system designed in this research work for Gombe state polytechnic bajoga staff is a more secure platform where the staff can mark their attendance with their fingerprint.
The efficiency of the scanner can be reduced due to the roughages in the captured images which are often caused by worn-out or cut or dirt’s found on fingerprint (Olagunju, 2018). Therefore, there is every possibility that enrolled users can be rejected by the system. Also the scanner or sensor cannot distinguish between a real and an artificial finger; therefore, it is possible to fool the scanner. In addition, if an enrolled fingerprint is been duplicated or spoof, it is not possible to change fingerprint as in the case of password because user finger biometric.
1.3 Aim and Objectives of Study
This project is aimed at developing a staff Biometric attendance system for Gombe state polytechnic bajoga.
The objective of these project are to:
i. Design staff attendance system using fingerprint biometric.
ii. To generate a report
iii. Test the implemented Staff attendance using android application in gombe state polytechnic bajoga
1.4 Scope of the Study
The scope of this work is to develop a developing a staff Biometric attendance system for Gombe state polytechnic bajoga that will improve how attendance management is done by using fingerprint as a form of authentication for proof of attending office. The system will be a mobile based application developed using android OS as the preferred programming language for building the user interface
1.5 Limitation of the study
This project is limited to staff of Gombe state polytechnic bajoga, the fact that the proposed system doesn’t have a centralized database, which means staff enrolment will have to be done at their work unit. Furthermore, transferred staff details will be copied to the new unit database or re-enrol at new station before the staff can have access to the system.
1.6 Significance of Study
The use of staff attendance system is very important because of human being proneness to error, leaving the staff to write down their names might not be accurate as staff can even write attendance for their fellow staff and their handwriting legibility can be a case when compiling the attendance record at the end of the month.
The official in charge of attendance collation is highly favoured by this system because use of pen and paper as a means of collating staff attendance will leave the official in charge with numerous sheet of paper, which will be hectic as he/she have to start comparing several sheet to record the average attendance for just a staff. The official is going to waste a lot of time compiling the attendance percentage at the end of the month, mistake can creep in due to the large volumes of papers. Successful implementation of this project mean the staff attendance credibility can be queried or put to test anytime, and result are produce fast and accuracy, without stress.
1.7 Operational Definition of Terms
Biometrics: Biometrics is best described as a personal identity verification system, meaning that your personal identity is verified by using individual and unique physical characteristics such as your fingerprints, hand geometry, speech, eyes, handwriting, or facial recognition (John M., 2014).
PIN: A personal identification number (PIN) is a numerical code used in many electronic financial transactions. Personal identification numbers are usually issued in association with payment cards and may be required to complete a transaction (Julia and Khadijah, 2020).
Biometric Verification: Biometric verification is any means by which a person can be uniquely identified by evaluating one or more distinguishing biological traits (Khermerl, 2022)
Scanner: a device for examining, reading, or monitoring something in particular (Katie, 2018)
Fingerprint sensor: is an electronic device used to capture a digital image of the fingerprint pattern (Munish and Priyanka, 2018)
Rapid Application Development: Rapid Application Development or RAD means an adaptive software development model based on prototyping and quick feedback with less emphasis on specific planning (Muhammad, 2022)
Authentication: is the process of determining whether someone or something is, in fact, who or what it declared to be (Arun & Anil, 2019).
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction
This chapter is on the documented efforts and works both published and unpublished, made by scholars on the subject matter.
2.1 Conceptual Framework
2.1.1 What is Biometrics?
Biometrics is the science and technology of measuring and breaking down natural information. In data innovation, biometrics relates to technologies that examine and measure physical human body features, such as DNA, fingerprints, eye retinas and irises, voice patterns, facial patterns and hand measurements, for validation or authentication purposes (Rouse, 2018).
In Computer Science, biometric identification or biometric authentication is utilized as a mode of identification and access control and also being implemented to detect individuals in groups that are being watch or under surveillance (Jain, Anil K, Ross, Arun , 2008). Using biometric verification is turning into a progressively regular for Authentication in corporate and public security systems, consumer electronics and point of sale (POS) applications. In addition to security, the motivation behind biometric verification has been convenience to avert identity theft, biometric data is usually encrypted when it's gathered
Date: 2026-08-05 00:00:00.000000